Ngā Hanganga Nanotube Waro Hou me ngā Rauemi Ranu e Whakarerekē ana i ō rātou Āhuatanga Whakamiharo

He mea whakamere ngā rauemi nano waro pēnei i ngā ngongo waro (CNT), ngā fullerenes me te graphene nā ō rātou āhuatanga ā-tinana ahurei. Kei te tūhuratia e tētahi rangahau hou te pūmanawa o ngā hanganga nano ranu, ā, kei te whakaurua mai he hanganga ranu CNT graphene porous hou me ngā āhuatanga wera me te ā-tinana nui.

E whakaatu ana tēnei rangahau me pēhea te whakarerekē i ngā āhuatanga nui o ngā hanganga rerekē CNT graphene hou mā te whakarerekē paku i te whakaritenga āhuahanga ā-roto o te CNT me te graphene me ngā momo whakakī.

Nā te kaha ki te whakahaere tika i te kawe wera me te kaha ā-pūkaha i roto i ngā hanganga ranu CNT graphene, he mea tino pai pea tēnei mō ngā momo tono maha, inā koa i roto i te hanga rererangi matatau e tino hira ana te taumaha me te kaha.

Ngā hanganga nano waro: ngā ngongo waro, te graphene, ngā fullerenes

Kua rangahaua tata nei ngā hanganga nano waro me ngā ranunga o ngā hanganga nano waro maha hei kaitono pea mō ngā tono maha mō te ine, te photovoltaic, te patu huakita, te rokiroki pūngao, te pūtau wahie me te whakarei ake i te taiao.

Ko ngā hanganga nano waro tino rongonui i rangahauhia ko ngā CNT, te graphene me te fullerenes. Nā te iti rawa o te rahi, he āhuatanga motuhake o ēnei hanganga, arā, te wera, te miihini, te hiko me te koiora.

Ko ngā hanganga e inehia ana i roto i te awhe iti-nanomita ka mahi i runga anō i ngā ture motuhake o te ahupūngao matūriki, nō reira ka taea te whakamahi hei whakamahi i ngā āhuatanga kore-mārama pērā i te keri matūriki, te taupatupatu matūriki me te raranga matūriki.

He ngongo waro ngā nanotube waro, he torutoru noa ngā nanometa te whānui. He tino pai te kawe hiko o ngā nanotube waro, ā, ko ētahi he rauemi haurua-ira.

Nā te hanganga nano me te kaha o ngā hononga irahiko i waenganui i ngā ngota waro, he kaha teitei anō hoki te kume me te kawe wera o ngā ngongo waro.

He rauemi whai hua pea ngā nanotube waro mō ngā hikohiko, ngā whatu me ngā mea hiato, ā, ka taea e rātou te whakakapi i ngā muka waro i roto i ngā tau torutoru e whai ake nei. Kei te whakamahi hoki te hangarau nano me te pūtaiao rauemi i ngā nanotube waro i roto i ā rātou rangahau.

Ko te graphene he isomer waro kei roto i te āhua o tētahi paparanga kotahi o ngā ngota waro kua whakaritea ki roto i tētahi hanganga whatunga rua-ahu e titoa ana e ngā hexagons. I te tau 2004 i kitea te wehenga tuatahi o te graphene i roto i tētahi raupapa o ngā whakamātautau paionia e ngā kaipūtaiao a Andrew Geim rāua ko Konstantin Novoselov i Te Whare Wānanga o Manchester i te UK, ā, i toa ai rāua i te Tohu Nobel mō te Ahupūngao i te tau 2010.

I ngā tekau tau mai i taua wā, kua noho te graphene hei rauemi nano whai hua me te kaha kume tino teitei, te mārama me te kawe hiko mō te whānuitanga o ngā tono i roto i te hikohiko, te ine me ētahi atu hangarau matatau.

Ko te llerene tētahi atu isomer waro kua mōhiotia mō ētahi wā. Ko tōna ngota he mea hanga mai i ngā ngota waro e honoa ana e ngā hononga takitahi me ngā hononga takirua i roto i te mata ka taea te kati, te kati wāhanga rānei. Ka honoa te mata ki tētahi mowhiti o ngā ngota e rima, e ono, e whitu rānei.

Ka taea e ngā ngota fullerene te hanga porowhita kau, te porowhita porowhita, te ngongo, te maha atu rānei o ngā āhua me ngā rahi. Ka taea te kī ko te graphene tētahi o ngā mema tino nui o te whānau fullerene, ahakoa e kīia ana he mema nō tōna ake akomanga rauemi.

Ngā hanganga nano ranu

Haunga ngā rangahau whānui kua whakapaua ki te mārama me te whakaahua i ēnei hanganga nano waro takitahi, kei te tūhuratia hoki e ngā kaipūtaiao ngā āhuatanga o ngā hanganga nano ranu e whakakotahi ana i ngā huānga hanganga nano e rua, neke atu rānei, ki roto i te rauemi kotahi.

Hei tauira,pahukaHe āhuatanga whakarerekētanga kei roto, e pai ai mō ngā mahi whai hua pēnei i te hoahoa o ngā hanganga hanawiti, ngā hoahoa hototahi-koiora me te hoahoa o ngā hanganga kaha-nui, taumaha-iti.

Kua whakamahia hoki ngā nanofoam waro i roto i te rongoā hei tirotiro i te pakaru o te wheua, hei pūtake hoki mō te whakakapi i te kiko wheua.

Ka hangaia ngā hanganga honikoma waro mā te whakatakoto kohu matū (CVD) me te maimoatanga otinga. Kua whakatinanahia hoki ngā tikanga whakapūkara plasma mura (SPS) hei whakamahi i te graphene mō ngā tono koiora me te hauora.

Nō reira, kua rapu ngā kaipūtaiao i ngā huarahi hei whakau i ngā hanganga pahuka waro-toru-ahu. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā rangahau me hanga he hononga pumau i waenga i ngā momo hanganga rerekē (ngā nanotube waro, ngā fullerenes me te graphene) kia pumau ai tēnei rauemi mō ngā momo tono whānui.

He rangahau hou mō ngā hanganga nano ranu

Kua whakauruhia e ngā rangahau hou a ngā miihini miihini i Te Whare Wānanga Hangarau o Istanbul i Turkey tētahi momo hanganga nano hou i hangaia mā te hononga matū.

Ka hangaia ngā hanganga CNT graphene porous mā te whakarite i te graphene huri noa i ngā CNT i roto i ngā nanoribbons. Ko ngā whakaritenga āhuahanga rerekē o ngā paparanga nanoribbon graphene huri noa i ngā nanotubes waro (tapawhā, hexagonal me te taimana) ka arahi ki ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana rerekē e kitea ana i roto i te rauemi, e kī ana ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei whakaritenga āhuahanga hei whakatikatika i ngā hanganga hou.

Hei tauira, i kitea e ngā kairangahau ko ngā hanganga i whakaurua ki ngā fullerene he nui te pumau me te kaha o te pēhanga me te kore e whakaiti i te kaha kume. He nui anō te pānga o te whakaritenga āhuahanga o ngā hanganga nano waro ki ō rātou āhuatanga wera.

E ai ki ngā kairangahau he nui ngā painga o ēnei hanganga nano ranu hou, inā koa mō te umanga rererangi. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā hanganga nano me ēnei hanganga ranu mō te rokiroki hauwai me te hikohiko nano.