E mōhio ana koe ki ngā tikanga mō te whakamātautau i te pakari o ngā kirihou hangarua kua whakarerekētia?

Ko ngā kirihou whakarerekētia, e pā ana ki ngā kirihou whānui me ngā kirihou hangarau i runga i te whakakī, te whakaranu, te whakapakari me ētahi atu tikanga tukatuka hua kirihou whakarerekētia hei whakapai ake i te mahi ātete mura, te kaha, te ātete pānga, te pakari me ētahi atu āhuatanga.

I ēnei rā, kei te piki haere te hiranga o ngā kirihou kua whakarerekētia i roto i te oranga o te motu, inā koa i roto i ngā rāngai motuka me ngā taputapu kāinga, he wāhi nui tā rātou e kore e taea te whakakapi. Mō ngā momo maha ohangarau kirihou kua whakarerekētia, kua rangahaua, kua arotahihia hoki te whakapakeke kirihou e ngā tohunga mātauranga me ngā umanga, nā te mea he maha ngā wā ka whai wāhi nui te pakari o te rauemi ki te whakamahinga o te hua. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka whakamāramahia e te Teihana Mōhiohio Hangarua ētahi mea mō te whakapakeke kirihou.

Ka nui ake te pakari o te rauemi, ka iti ake te tūponotanga kia piro, ka nui ake te ngāwari o te rauemi, ka nui ake te tūponotanga kia piro.

Ko te pakari, he rerekē ki te pakari, he āhuatanga e whakaata ana i te ngāwari o te whakarerekētanga o tētahi mea. Mēnā he pakari ake te rauemi, he iti ake te tūponotanga kia rerekē, ā, mēnā he ngāwari ake, he nui ake te tūponotanga kia rerekē.

I te nuinga o te wā, ka nui ake te pakeke, te kaha kume, te modulus kume (te modulus a Young), te kaha piko me te modulus piko o te rauemi; i tetahi atu taha, ka nui ake te pakari, ka nui ake te roa i te whati me te kaha pānga.

Ko te kaha pānga ko te kaha o tētahi tauira, o tētahi wāhanga rānei, ki te tu atu i tētahi pānga, ā, he maha ngā wā ka tautuhia whānuitia ko te nui o te pūngao e mimitihia ana e tētahi tauira i mua i tōna pakaru. He rerekē ngā uara o te kaha pānga i runga i te āhua o te rīpene, te tikanga whakamātautau me ngā āhuatanga o te tauira, nō reira, kāore e taea te whakarōpū hei āhuatanga rauemi taketake.

Kāore e taea te whakataurite i ngā hua i puta mai i ngā momo tikanga whakamātautau pānga.

He maha ngā tikanga whakamātautau pānga, i runga i te pāmahana whakamātautau: te pānga pāmahana rūma, te pānga pāmahana iti me te pānga pāmahana teitei e toru; i runga i te āhua ahotea tauira, ka taea te wehe ki te pānga piko - te pānga kurupae māmā me te pānga kurupae cantilever, te pānga kume, te pānga torsional me te pānga kutikuti; i runga i te kaha i whakamahia me te maha o ngā pānga, ka taea te wehe ki te whakamātautau pānga kaha nui me te pānga kaha iti i ngā wā maha. Ka taea e ngā rauemi rerekē, i ngā tono rerekē rānei te whiriwhiri i ngā tikanga whakamātautau pānga rerekē ka puta he hua rerekē, kāore e rite.

Ka tātarihia, ka whakarāpopototia hoki te tikanga o te whakapakeketanga kirihou me ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki tēnei.
Tohaina ki te katoa!

1. Te ariā o te whitiki kutikuti-whiri hiriwa

I roto i ngā pūnaha whakaranu o ngā kirihou whakapakeketia e te rapa, e rua ngā mahi a ngā matūriki rapa.
I tētahi taha, e mahi ana hei pokapū kukū ahotea, ā, e whakaoho ana i te tini o ngā rārangi hiriwa me ngā here kutikuti i roto i te matihiko.
I tētahi atu taha, ka whakahaeretia te whanaketanga o te tauira hiriwa kia mutu ai i te wā tika, kia kore ai e whanake hei kapiti whakangaro.

Ka taea e te āpure ahotea i te pito o te rārangi hiriwa te whakaputa i tētahi whitiki kutikuti hei whakamutu i te rārangi hiriwa. Ka ārai hoki i te whanaketanga o te witi hiriwa ina toro atu ki roto i te whitiki kutikuti. Ko te whakaputanga me te whanaketanga o te nui o te hiriwa me te whitiki kutikuti i te wā e ahotea ana te rauemi ka pau te nui o te pūngao, ka hua ake te pikinga o te pakari o te rauemi. Ka kitea te hiriwa hei āhuatanga mā te ahotea, ko te whitiki kutikuti e pā ana ki te kaki angiangi, he rerekē i roto i ngā papa kirihou rerekē.

Hei tauira, he iti te pakari o te matrix HIPS, he hiriwa-kirikiri, he mā te ahotea, he nui ake te rōrahi hiriwa-kirikiri, kāore i te rerekē te taha whakawhiti, kāore he kaki pai i roto i te taumahatanga; he nui te pakari o te matrix PVC, ko te nuinga o te take o te tukunga ko te whitiki kutikuti, he kaki pai, kāore he mā te ahotea; ko HIPS/PPO, hiriwa-kirikiri, whitiki kutikuti he nui te ōwehenga, he kaki pai me te mā te ahotea i te wā kotahi.

2. Ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki te pānga whakapakeke o ngā kirihou

(1) E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mō ngā āhuatanga o te kapia matrix he pai te whakapai ake i te pakari o te kapia matrix ki te whakapai ake i te pānga pakari o te kirihou pakari, ā, ka taea te whakapai ake i te pakari o te kapia matrix mā roto i ēnei huarahi e whai ake nei.

Whakanuia te taumaha ngota o te kapia turanga kia whaiti ake te tohatoha taumaha ngota; whakapai ake i te pakari mā te whakahaere i te whakatio, tae atu ki te whakatio, te rahi o te tioata me te āhua o te tioata. Hei tauira, ka tāpirihia ngā matū whakapūmau ki te PP hei whakanui ake i te tere o te whakatio me te whakapai ake i te rahi o te kōpura, kia pai ake ai te pakari o te pakaru.

(2) Ngā Āhuatanga me te Inenga o ngā Ārai Whakapakari

A. Te awe o te rahi o te matūriki wāhanga marara o te kaihoko whakapakeke – Mō ngā kirihou whakapakeke elastomeric, ko te uara pai rawa atu o te rahi o te matūriki wāhanga marara o te elastomer ka rerekē i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te kapia turanga. Hei tauira, ko te uara pai rawa atu o te rahi o te matūriki rapa i roto i te HIPS ko te 0.8-1.3μm, ko te rahi o te matūriki pai rawa atu o te ABS ko te 0.3μm pea, ā, ko te rahi o te matūriki pai rawa atu o te ABS kua whakarerekētia e te PVC ko te 0.1μm pea.
B. Te awe o te horopeta o te matū whakapakeke – he uara tino pai mō te nui o te matū whakapakeke hei tāpiri, e pā ana ki te tawhā mokowā matūriki.
C. Te pānga o te pāmahana whakawhiti karāhe o te kaihoko whakapakeke – ko te tikanga ka iti ake te pāmahana whakawhiti karāhe o te elastomer, ka pai ake te pānga whakapakeke.
D. Te awe o te kaha o te hononga ā-kanohi o te whakapakeke ki te kapia matihiko – he rerekē te awe o te kaha o te hononga ā-kanohi ki te pānga whakapakeke i ia pūnaha ki ia pūnaha.
E. Te awe o te hanganga whakapakari elastomer – e pā ana ki te momo elastomer, te nui o te hononga whakawhiti, me ētahi atu.

(3) He pai te hononga i waenganui i ngā wāhanga e rua, ā, ka taea te whakawhiti pai i te ahotea i waenganui i ngā wāhanga, ā, ka nui ake te kaha e pau ana, ka pai ake te mahi whānui o te kirihou nui, inā koa ko te kaha pānga o te whakapainga nui rawa atu. Ko te whakakotahitanga honohono me te whakakotahitanga poraka he tikanga noa mō te whakanui ake i te kaha hononga i waenganui i ngā wāhanga e rua, ko te rerekētanga ko te here matū mā te hanga matū, pērā i ngā whakakotahitanga honohono HIPS me ABS, me ngā whakakotahitanga poraka SBS me te polyurethane.

Mō ngā matū whakapakeke hei whakapakeke i ngā kirihou, he tikanga whakaranu ā-tinana tēnei, engari he rite tonu te kaupapa. Ko te pūnaha whakaranu pai rawa atu me rua ngā wāhanga e hototahi ana, ā, me uru ki roto i te wāhanga kotahi, he paparanga hononga i waenganui i ngā wāhanga, i roto i te paparanga hononga o te mekameka ngota ngota polymer e rua, he mārama te pikinga kukū, mā te whakanui ake i te hototahitanga i waenganui i ngā wāhanga kua whakaranua, kia pai ai te kaha here, kātahi ka whakarei ake i te horapa o te horapa o te hononga, ka whakanui ake i te matotoru o te paparanga hononga. Koinei te hangarau matua mō te whakapakeke i ngā kirihou me te whakarite i ngā koranu polymer - te hangarau hototahi polymer!