Te Whakamahinga me te Whakawhanaketanga o te Polypropylene mō te Hanga Thermo i roto i te Marae Tākai

1. Ngā mātāpono me ngā āhuatanga taketake o te hanga wera

Ko te hanga wera he tikanga tukatuka kirihou motuhake hei tukatuka i ngā pepa kirihou wera hei hanga i ngā momo hua. Ka whakamahanahia te pepa kirihou wera kia ngawari, kātahi ka pēhia (mā te korehau, mā te pēhanga pai rānei) kia mahi te pepa kirihou wera ki te mata o te pokepokea ai kia rite te āhua ki te mata o te pokepokea ai, ā, i muri i te whakamatao me te hanga, ka tapahia te hua kia rite te āhua e hiahiatia ana. He tere, he ōrite hoki te hanga wera, he poto te wā huringa hanga me te iti o te utu pokepokea ai, he pai mō te aunoatanga me te roa o te wā whakaputa, ā, e kiia ana ko te tikanga tukatuka tino whai hua me te iti rawa o te utu wae i waenga i ngā tikanga hanga kirihou. Ina koa me te whakapai tonu i te tukanga me ngā taputapu hanga wera me te wawaotanga o te whakaata rorohiko, kua noho te hanga wera hei tikanga tukatuka matua e whakataetae ana ki te werohanga me te hanga pupuhi. I ngā tau tata nei, kua puta he whanaketanga hou i roto i ngā taputapu tukatuka hanga wera. Kua whakaurua e Jimin ngā taputapu me ngā tukanga hanga wera e whakaatuhia ana i K2013 i Tiamana, i reira ko te tere, te maha o ngā mahi, te hangarau whakahaere me te whakaiti utu kua noho hei kaupapa matua mō ngā taputapu hou mō te hanga wera i roto i te takai me te ahumahi.

Ko ngā momo matua o te hanga wera ko: te hanga korehau, te hanga pēhanga, te hanga āwhina-pūwero me ngā huinga o ēnei. He maha ake ngā hua hanga wera kei te mākete, pērā i ngā kapu, ngā pereti, ngā paepae kai, ngā taonga takaro, ngā potae me ngā potae, ngā wāhanga taputapu kāinga me ngā wāhanga motuka, ngā wāhanga whakapaipai whare, ngā taputapu matū, me ētahi atu. Ki te whakatauritea ki te hanga werohanga, he pai ngā painga o te hanga wera ko te pai o te whakaputa, te iti o te haumi ki ngā taputapu me te kaha ki te hanga hua me ngā horahanga mata nui. Ko ngā kirihou matua e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga wera ko te polystyrene (PS), te polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ngā polyolefins pērā i te PE, PP, ngā polyacrylates (PMMA) me te cellulose pērā i te nitrocellulose (NC), te cellulose acetate (CA), me ētahi atu. Ko ngā kirihou hangarau pērā i tete akirironitirīra-butadiene-styrene (ABS)e whakamahia ana hoki. Kirihou styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), me ētahi atu. Ko te whanaketanga o te PP mahi-teitei pērā i te māramatanga teitei, te kaha rewa teitei me te iti o te piko kua whakatairanga i te tono me te whanaketanga o te PP i roto i te mara o te hanga wera.

2. Te Tūnga o te Mākete Tākai Hanga-Whero ā-Rohe

Neke atu i te 3,000 ngā kamupene takai whakawera ā-rohe, ā, neke atu i te 300 o ēnei he neke atu i te 1,000 tana te hua ā-tau. Tata ki te 70% o ngā wheketere me te kaha whakaputa ā-tau o ngā mano tana he pepa hanga-ake, he mea whakauru hoki i ngā hua whakawera. Ko te PS (OPS) me te polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ngā pepa matua e tukuna ana ki waho, ko ētahi wheketere kaha e hanga ana i ā rātou ake pepa PP, PS me PVC, ā, ko ngā wheketere iti e tuku ana i ā rātou pepa ki waho. Ko ngā hua whakawera e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā takai kai, ngā takai kore-kai me ngā pepa tapahi, ā, he rerekē ngā whakaritenga mō ngā rauemi mata i ia tono ki ia tono.

3. Te whakawhanaketanga o te PP mō te hanga wera

I tīmata ngā tono hanga wera PP ā-whare i te tekau tau atu i 1990, ā, kua tere te whanaketanga i ngā tau tata nei, me te tere tipu ā-tau tata ki te 10%. Ināianei he maha ngā kaihanga takai kirihou hanga wera nui me te rongonui i Haina, pērā i a Japan Central Chemical, kua hanga whare i Haina, ā, kua whakatinanahia ki te mahi, ā, ko te arotahi matua o ā rātou hua ko ngā hua takai kirihou hanga wera reo me te kounga teitei. I tēnei wā, kāore he rauemi PP motuhake mō te tukanga hanga wera i Haina. Ko ngā kaihanga hua hanga wera ā-whare e hoko ana i te T30S me ētahi atu kapia whānui kua whakarerekētia hei whakamahi, engari ko ngā hua i whiwhihia mā te whakaputa hua i muri i te whakarerekētanga me te tauine ahumahi, he koretake te whakahaere tāpiri, kāore ngā āhuatanga kume e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga, he koretake te matotoru o te pakitara ipu i roto i te hanga wera, he kopikopiko te mata o te paninga extrusion calendering me ētahi atu raruraru, he uaua ki te whakatutuki i te kounga teitei me ngā whakaritenga teitei o ngā whakaritenga tono, engari he uaua hoki ki te whakatutuki i te tono o te kounga teitei me ngā whakaritenga teitei, ā, he whakawhāiti hoki i te whai huatanga o te whakaputa o ngā umanga tukatuka i raro.

Ko ngā rauemi hanga wera motuhake o tāwāhi he homopolymers te nuinga, he iti ake ngā copolymers matapōkere mārama, ā, he roa ngā huringa kawemai o ētahi momo, nō reira he onge te whakamahi a ngā kaihanga hanga wera o te rohe i ngā rauemi kawemai. Ko te whānui o te pepa hanga wera o nāianei o ngā kaihanga hua hanga wera he pepa 600 mm te whānui, me te whanaketanga o te hangarau mīhini hanga, kei te piki haere te whānui o te pepa, ko te whānui rawa atu ka taea te neke atu i te 1000 mm, nō reira ka nui ake ngā whakaritenga mō te kaha ārai-rewa o te pepa. Ko te otinga i roto i te umanga hua o raro ko te tāpiri i tētahi ōrau o te polyethylene matotoru-teitei (PE-HD) ki te PP noa hei whakapai ake i te ātete rewa o te pepa, engari ka puta mai i tēnei tikanga te ranunga kore taurite me te iti o te mārama o ngā hua. Kei te piki haere te hiahia o te umanga hanga wera o te rohe mō ngā rauemi mata PP he mahi teitei me te mārama tino-teitei.
I mua i te tau 2012, i te āhua whakamuri te rangahau me te whanaketanga o ngā rauemi hanga wera mārama i Haina. I taua wā, kei te Ripanga 2 te āhuatanga o te R&D o ngā rauemi hanga wera motuhake o te kāinga.

Kāore anō kia whakamahia tētahi o ēnei rauemi motuhake kia nui ake ai te kaha rewa me te tohatoha taumaha ngota whānui e hiahiatia ana mō te tukatuka hanga wera, ā, kāore anō ētahi kia whakaputaina i runga i te tauine nui.

I ngā tau tata nei, kua haere tonu a Tianjin Petrochemical ki te whakawhanake i ngā rauemi motuhake i roto i te mara o te hanga wera PP, ā, kua tutuki i a ia ngā painga ōhanga me te pāpori nui, me te tāpiri i te tae ki tēnei wāhanga motuhake o te hanga wera.

E whakaatu ana te Ripanga 4 i ngā rauemi PP motuhake mō te hanga wera i whakawhanakehia e ētahi tipu matū hinu i ngā tau tata nei, i whakawhanakehia e Shanghai Ru Xia New Material me ia tipu matū hinu mō ngā tono rerekē i roto i ngā wāhanga hanga wera rerekē. He whānui te horapa o ngā kaihanga hua hanga wera o raro, he iti te kukū o te ahumahi, he iti noa ngā umanga kei runga ake i te tauine, ā, he kanorau te tono mō ngā hua o raro, ā, he mahere anō ā ngā tipu matū hinu mō te whakarite i te whakaputanga, nō reira he uaua tonu te mahi tahi me te taha whakarunga me te taha whakarunga, engari ko te ahunga whanaketanga o te ahumahi hanga wera ko te hanga i ngā hua o raro rerekē i tetahi taha, me te whakamahi i ngā rauemi motuhake mō te whakaputanga i tetahi taha, kia pai ake ai te kounga o te hua me te whakapai ake i te pumau o te kounga o te hua. He mea whai hua tonu te whanaketanga me te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi motuhake mō te hanga wera.