Te tukanga pupuhi pounamu kirihou PET

E rua ngā momo pounamu PET i hangaia ki te pupuhi, ko tētahi he pounamu pēhanga, pērā i ngā pounamu kī tonu i ngā inu warowaihā; ko tētahi he pounamu kore-pēhanga, pērā i ngā pounamu kī tonu i te wai, te tī, te hinu kai, me ētahi atu.

Ko te pounamu inu tī he mea whakaranu ki te pounamu PET whakarerekētia polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), he pounamu PET rānei me te pounamu hiato polyarylate thermoplastic, ā, he momo pounamu wera, ātete wera 85 ℃ neke atu rānei; ko te pounamu wai he momo pounamu matao, kāore he hiahia mō te ātete wera. He rite tonu te hanga o ngā pounamu wera me ngā pounamu matao i roto i te tukanga whakapūtanga.

taputapu

I tēnei wā, ko ngā kaihanga o ngā mīhini PETmiihini pupuhiKo te nuinga o ngā mea e kawemai ana mai i Parani, SIDEL, KRONES, me Fujian Quanguan. Ahakoa he rerekē ngā kaihanga, he rite tonu te kaupapa o ngā taputapu, ko te nuinga o te wā ko te pūnaha tuku parakore, te pūnaha whakamahana, te pūnaha pupuhi, te pūnaha whakahaere me te mīhini āwhina e rima ngā wāhanga matua.

Te mahi hangai

Te tukanga pupuhi pounamu PET.

Ko ngā mea nui e pā ana ki te tukanga pupuhi pounamu PET ko te pātea o te pounamu, te whakamahana, te pupuhi-mua, te pokepokea ai me te taiao whakaputa.

2.1 Pounamu kau

I te wā e whakarite ana i ngā pounamu whakarewa pupuhi, ko te tuatahi o ngā tapahi PET i te whakarewa werohanga mō ngā pounamu parai, me whakarite kia kaua e nui rawa te ōwehenga o ngā rauemi hangarua tuarua (iti iho i te 5%), kaua e neke atu i te rua ngā wā e hangarua ana, ā, kaua e iti rawa te taumaha ngota me te matotoru (taumaha ngota 31000-50000, matotoru āhua 0.78-0.85cm3/g). E ai ki te ture haumaru kai ā-motu, kaua e whakamahia he rauemi hangarua tuarua mō ngā takai kai me ngā rongoā. Me rongoa ngā pounamu parai werohanga mō te neke atu i te 24 hāora i mua i te whakamahinga. I muri i te whakamahana i ngā pounamu parai kāore i whakamahia, me rongoa mō te neke atu i te 48 hāora i mua i te whakamahana anō me te whakamahi. Kaua e neke atu i te ono marama te roa o te rokiroki o ngā pounamu parai.

Ko ngā painga o te tauira whakapūmau e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā painga o te rauemi PET, me whiriwhiri kia ngāwari te pupuhi me te hanga, ā, me whakawhanake he tukanga hanga tauira whakapūmau e tika ana. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā whakamātautau he rite te matotoru o ngā pepa whakapūmau rauemi PET, he ngāwari te pupuhi i ngā rauemi mata kawemai i ngā rauemi o te kāinga; ā, ko te puranga pepa whakapūmau kotahi, he rerekē ngā rā whakaputa, he rerekē pea te tukanga pupuhi. Ko ngā painga o ngā pepa whakapūmau e whakatau ana i te ngāwari o te tukanga pupuhi, ko ngā whakaritenga o ngā pepa whakapūmau he parakore, he mārama, he kore poke, he kore tae ke, he tika te roa o te pūwāhi werohanga me te wāhi āwhiowhio e karapoti ana.

2.2 Whakawera

Mā te oumu whakamahana ka whakamahana te oumu, ā, ka whakatakotoria ā-ringa te pāmahana, ka whakatikatika aunoa hoki. Ka whakamahanahia te oumu e ngā rama infra-maero e tuku ana i te hihi infra-maero ki ngā pire pounamu, ā, mā te hau i raro i te oumu ka whakahaere i te rere o te wera kia ōrite te pāmahana o te oumu. Ka neke whakamua ngā pire i roto i te oumu, ka hurihuri i te wā kotahi, kia ōrite te wera o ngā pakitara o ngā pire.

Ko te whakatakotoranga o te rama i roto i te oumu mai i runga ki raro he rite tonu ki te "rohe", he nui ake i ngā pito e rua, he iti iho i waenganui. Ko te wera o te oumu ka whakahaeretia e te maha o ngā rama e kā ana, te tautuhinga pāmahana whānui, te kaha o te oumu me te ōwehenga whakamahana o ia wāhanga. Me whakarite te whakatuwheratanga o ngā rama me ngā pounamu pupuhi-mua.

Kia pai ake ai te mahi a te oumu, he mea tino nui tōna teitei, tōna pereti whakamatao me ētahi atu whakarerekētanga. Ki te kore e tika te whakarerekētanga, ka ngāwari te pupuhi o te waha o te pounamu i te pokepokea pupuhi (ka nui ake te waha o te pounamu), ka mārō te kaki o te upoko (kāore e taea te kume i te rauemi kaki) me ētahi atu hapa.

2.3 Te pupuhi i mua

He tino hira te pupuhi i mua i te tikanga pupuhi e rua ngā taahiraa, e pā ana ki te tukanga pupuhi i roto i te tokotoko totoro ki raro i te wā kotahi hei tīmata i te pupuhi i mua i te hau, kia puta ai te āhua tuatahi o te pounamu. Ko te tūnga i mua i te pupuhi, te pēhanga i mua i te pupuhi me te rere o te pupuhi he mea nui e toru i roto i tēnei tukanga.

Ko te āhua o te pounamu pupuhi-mua te mea e whakatau ana i te ngāwari o te tukanga pupuhi me te mahi a te pounamu. Ko te āhua noa o te pounamu pupuhi-mua he rite ki te porowhita, he āhua pere-kore, he āhua kakau, me ētahi atu. Ko ngā take mō te āhua rerekē ko te whakamahana ā-rohe koretake, te pēhanga pupuhi-mua, te koretake rānei o te rere o te pupuhi, me ētahi atu. Ko te rahi o te pounamu pupuhi-mua e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pēhanga pupuhi-mua me te tūranga pupuhi-mua. I roto i te hanga, kia mau tonu te rahi me te āhua o te pounamu pupuhi-mua katoa. Mena he rerekētanga, kimihia he take motuhake, kia rite ki te pounamu pupuhi-mua, kia whakatikatikahia te tukanga whakamahana, te pupuhi-mua rānei.

Ka rerekē te rahi o te pēhanga i mua i te pupuhi i runga i ngā whakaritenga o te pounamu, te kaha o te taputapu, te kaha nui i te nuinga o te wā, te pēhanga i mua i te pupuhi ki te iti; he teitei hoki te pēhanga i mua i te pupuhi i ngā taputapu me te kaha whakaputa teitei.

2.4 Mīhini āwhina me te pokepokea ai

Ko te mīhini āwhina e pā ana ki ngā taputapu hei pupuri i te pāmahana pumau o te pokepokea ai. He mea nui te pāmahana pumau o te pokepokea ai hei pupuri i te pumau o te hua. I te nuinga o te wā he teitei te pāmahana tinana o te pounamu, he iti te pāmahana o raro o te pounamu. Mō ngā pounamu makariri, nā te mea ko te pānga whakamatao o tōna raro te mea e whakatau ana i te taumata o te aronga ngota, he pai ake te whakahaere i te pāmahana ki te 5-8℃; i te mea he teitei ake te pāmahana o raro o ngā pounamu wera.

2.5 Taiao

He pai ake te hanga pupuhi pounamu PET i te pāmahana rūma me te haumākū iti.

Ko etahi atu whakaritenga

Me tutuki i ngā pounamu pēhanga ngā whakaritenga o te whakamātautau ahotea me te whakamātautau ātete pēhanga. Ko te whakamātautau ahotea he whakahaere kounga ā-roto hei ārai i te pakaru me te turuturu o raro o ngā pounamu PET nā te hekenga o te mekameka ngota i te wā e pā ana ki te hinu whakahinuhinu (kawakore) i te wā e whakakī ana i ngā inu; ko te whakamātautau ātete pēhanga he whakahaere kounga hei ārai i te pakaru o te pounamu i muri i te whakakī ki tētahi hau pēhanga. Hei whakatutuki i ēnei hiahia e rua, me whakahaere te matotoru o te pūwāhi pokapū i roto i tētahi whānuitanga, ā, ko te āhuatanga whānui he angiangi te pūwāhi pokapū, he pai ake te whakamātautau ahotea, ā, he kino ake te ātete pēhanga; he matotoru te pūwāhi pokapū, he pai ake te whakamātautau ātete pēhanga, ā, he kino ake te whakamātautau ahotea. Ko te tikanga, he nui te pānga o ngā hua o te whakamātautau ahotea ki te kohikohinga o ngā rauemi i roto i te rohe whakawhiti huri noa i te pūwāhi pokapū, me whakarerekē kia rite ki te wheako tūturu.

Nga korero whakamutunga

Ka whakarerekētia te tukanga pupuhi pounamu PET kia rite ki te rauemi e tika ana. Ki te kore e pai te rauemi, he tino uaua te tukanga, tae noa ki te uaua ki te pupuhi i te pokepokea ai he pounamu whai tohu.