Te Arotau i ngā Painga Ōhanga o ngā Kaihanga Whakaputa: He Tātari Poto mō ngā Take e Pā Ana ki te Whai Hua o te Pūmanawa

Te pokepoke tahi mahanga-wiri extruder (e kiia nei i muri nei ko te extruder) kua noho hei taputapu matua mō te tukatuka i ngā kirihou kua whakarerekētia nā te mea he pai te mahi whakaranu, he huinga tīwiri whaiaro, he pai hoki te mahi horoi-ā-ianoa.

Ko te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga o te extruder he tawhā e tino whakanuia ana e ngā kamupene whakarerekētanga ina whiriwhiria ana ngā taputapu. E whakaponohia whānuitia ana he nui ake te whai huatanga o ngā extruder diameter nui ake, engari ko te mea pono, ehara i te mea ko ngā diameter nui te mea matua ki te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o ngā extruder. Ko te mea anake te mea nui. Ko ngā mea e pā ana ki te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga o te extruder ko te tere o te extruder, te ōwehenga rōrahi, te taipana motuhake, te hoahoa huinga tīwiri, te āhua o te rauemi hanga, te āhua o te kirihou, te kakahu o ngā taputapu, me ētahi atu.

Ka tātarihia takitahitia ngā āhuatanga awe i raro nei, e ai ki te āhua o te rauemi i roto i ngā tukanga rerekē i roto i te extruder me te hoahoa o te huinga tīwiri. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka whakawhānuihia e mātou ngā taipitopito mai i te tirohanga o te tikanga kawe extrusion.

Tikanga Kawe Whakaputa

Ko te rangahau mō te tikanga kawe o te mīhini whakaputa tīwiri-kotahi te pūtake mō te whanaketanga o te mīhini whakaputa tīwiri-rua. Ko te ariā kawe tīwiri-kotahi tuatahi i whakaarohia e Darnel rāua ko Mol. Ko tōna kaupapa matua ko te kaha kawe whakamua o ngā rauemi i roto i te mīhini whakaputa tīwiri-kotahi e ahu mai ana i te kawe totoka i raro i te tōia waku. I te heke haere o te mata o te wāhanga tīwiri o te mīhini whakaputa, i te kaha whakaputa rānei o te wāhanga ātete pokepoke, ka huri te rauemi ngohengohe me te marara i te tīmatanga hei mono totoka me te kore he nekehanga whanaunga, ā, ko te waku i waenga i te mono totoka me te mata o te tīwiri me te mono totoka. Me te kaha waku i waenga i te mata o roto o te oko tīwiri, ka kawe whakamua te mono totoka i te awaawa tīwiri.

He iti noa iho ngā herenga o te ariā kawe waka tawhito ina whakaarohia. E whakaaro ana kāore he nekehanga whanaunga i roto i te mono totoka, ā, he pumau tonu te kaha waku e whiwhihia ana. Heoi, he tino rerekē te āhuatanga tūturu, nō reira he rerekē te tātai ariā mai i te rerekētanga nui tūturu. Heoi anō, e whakaatu ana tēnei ariā i te mauri o te kawe tīwiri extruder, arā, ko te kaha wāhanga waku o te oko tīwiri i runga i te rauemi i te taha tīwiri o te awaawa tīwiri te pūtake o te kawe rauemi, ā, ko te waku i waenga i te mata o te tīwiri hurihuri me te rauemi te rauemi whakawhāiti. Ātete haere whakamua. Arā, ko te rerekētanga i waenga i te tauwehenga waku fi i waenga i te rauemi e kawehia ana me te mata whakarewa o te tīwiri me te tauwehenga waku fb i waenga i te rauemi me te mata whakarewa i roto i te oko tīwiri te pūtake o te kaha taraiwa mō te tō waku. Ko te tātari nekehanga me te kaha o te kawe rauemi whakamua e whakaatuhia ana i te pikitia 1.

Ahakoa i whakatakotoria e Darnel rāua ko Mol te ariā tuatahi me te tino taipitopito mō te kawe totoka i runga i ngā tribostatics totoka, he maha ngā whakapae taketake:
1 I roto i te awa tīwiri o te extruder, kei te noho te rauemi kapia i roto i te āhua o te mono totoka, ā, he tere tuku pumau, ā, ko te ahunga o te pēhanga ki runga i te mono totoka he rite tonu ki te nekehanga o te rauemi;
2. Ka taunekeneke te mono totoka me tetahi mata i roto i te awaawa tīwiri, ā, kāore tōna tauwehenga waku e rerekē me ngā piki me ngā heke o te pēhanga, engari me ngā huringa pāmahana anake;
3. Te wareware i te panonitanga o te matotoru o te mono totoka me te awe o te kaha ā-papa, me te whakaaro kāore he āputa i waenganui i te oko me te tīwiri o te extruder;
4. Kei te tū tonu te tīwiri e pā ana ki te oko tīwiri, ā, ka kitea i a ia e neke ana te oko tīwiri.
E whakapono ana a Potente me ētahi atu, i roto i te rohe awaawa tīwiri o te tuaka tīwiri, he rerekē te matotoru/te matotoru o te rauemi i ngā wāhi rerekē. I ētahi wāhi, kei roto te rauemi i te āhua wetewete, ā, i ētahi wāhi, ka pēhia te rauemi kia hanga he mono totoka. E pā ana te tikanga kawe o te wāhanga mono totoka ki te. He rite tonu te ariā kawe a Darnell-Mol, ā, ka whiwhihia te tātai e whai ake nei mā te tātari i te āhua nekehanga me te kaha o te mono totoka:

Ka kitea mai i te tātai (1) he hononga pai te rōrahi tuku G ki te tere hurihuri n, te ōwehenga rōrahi H, me te diameter tīwiri Db. Nā te mea kāore ngā whakaaro o te ariā kawe tīwiri-kotahi a Darnel me Mol e hangai ki te ao tūturu, he nui te rerekētanga i waenga i ngā raraunga i tatauhia e ngā whakatupuranga o muri mai me ngā raraunga whakaputa tuturu. Mai i taua wā, he tokomaha ngā tohunga kua rangahau taipitopito ake mō tēnei ariā. I roto i te maha o ngā rangahau, ko ngā ariā e rua e mōhiotia ana e te tini o ngā tohunga ko te ariā kume matotoru i whakaarohia e Chung et al. me te ariā kume matotoru i whakaarohia e Tedder. te ariā taurite pūngao.

Ahakoa he tautohetohe kei waenganui i ngā ariā, he rite tonu te pūtake matua o te ariā Darnell-Mol me te ariā Tedder, arā, ko te kaha waku hihiri i waenganui i te rauemi o te kotahi-wiri extruder ā, ko te pakitara o roto o te oko tīwiri te mea tino nui mō te kawe i ngā rauemi totoka. Ko te pūtake o te mauri. Ko te rerekētanga ko te whakapono a Chung ka mirimiri tuatahi te rauemi ki te pakitara whakarewa i roto i te oko hei whakaputa i tētahi paparanga angiangi o te rewa, ā, ko te kaha kukume matotoru i hangaia e tēnei paparanga angiangi o te rewa e pā ana ki te mahi o te kawe totoka. Ko te mea e rite ana i runga ake nei ko te mea ko te rauemi totoka i roto i te extruder e kiia ana he mono totoka, ko te rauemi i roto i te wāhanga kawe totoka e kiia ana he kikī, kāore he nekehanga whanaunga i waenga i ngā matūriki totoka.

I roto i te tukanga katoa o te mahi whakaputa tirohanga, i kite a Zhu Fuhua mā i mua i te urunga o te rauemi ki te wāhanga rewa, kei te whakawhitiwhiti me te paheke ngā matūriki totoka, ā, kāore i te tino kī te awaawa tīwiri. Kāore tēnei āhuatanga e ngaro haere ana tae noa ki te urunga ki te wāhanga rewa. Hei tāpiri, i te wā e kawe whakamua ana ngā matūriki kapia, ka kitea mārama he rewa kanapa kei waenganui i ngā matūriki kapia. I te mea ka nui haere te wāhi e nohoia ana e te rewa i te wāhanga o muri mai, ka iti haere te mārama o te rohe i waenganui i ngā matūriki me te rewa. E whakaatu ana tēnei i te kore haere tonu o te mono totoka me te kore e taea te karo i te huringa nekehanga o te mono totoka. I runga i te maha o ngā kitenga me ngā whakamātautau, i whakaarohia e Zhu Fuhua te ariā kawe totoka rere kore-monoka mō te wā tuatahi.

He mea pouri, mō te wā roa i muri i te whakaarotanga o te ariā o te kawe totoka rere kore-mono, kāore i taea te whakamahi hei whakaoti rapanga mahi i te kāinga me tāwāhi nā te uaua o te ariā. Ahakoa kua tino pai ake te tika o te tatau i te ariā kawe totoka rere kore-mono, kāore he tātai mārama mō te tatau i te whakaputanga me te pēhanga, ā, he raruraru whakapā kore-raina tonu. He maha ngā tātai uaua, ā, me whakamahi te tikanga huānga mutunga kore mō te tatau. He nui ngā uauatanga o tēnei ki te tono mahi. I ako a Mr Carrot i te āhua o ngā tīwiri takirua hurihuri-tahi, ā, i hangaia he tauira o te tukanga kawe rauemi i roto i te extruder tīwiri takirua i te pūtake o te rangahau. I kī tahi rātou he uaua, he rerekē hoki te tukanga kawe rauemi i roto i te extruder, ā, e rua ngā tikanga kawe matua, arā, ko te nekehanga pai e kawe ana i te taha o te tuaka o te tīwiri i te rohe whatunga o runga me te kawe tō waku i te rohe awaawa tīwiri. Liu Tinghua me ētahi atu He maha ngā whakamātautau kua mahia e au me te extruder tirohanga-toru-ara katoa, ā, kua wehea te wāhanga kawe totoka ki te nekehanga pai e kawe ana i te rohe whatunga me te kawe waku o ngā matūriki kirikiri i te rohe awaawa tīwiri taha. Ka tatauhia te rōrahi kawe nekehanga pai i te rohe whatunga penei i te tātai (2):

Kāore e taea te wehewehe i te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga o te mīhini whakaputa me te whai huatanga o te mīhini whakaputa. Ehara i te mea ko ngā tawhā ā-tinana me ngā āhuatanga tukanga o te mīhini whakaputa anake te mea e whakatau ana i te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga, engari ko te āhua o te rauemi ka pā ki te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga. Ko te iti o te matotoru o te rauemi, ko te teitei ake o te hau i roto i te rauemi. Mō te tukanga kawe i te rauemi mā te tīwiri, kei te neke whakamua tonu me te rahinga rauemi ōrite. Ko te iti o te matotoru, ko te iti ake o te kaha kawe.

I te wā e whakaranua ana te whakarewa o te extruder, ka pēhia te tini o ngā matūriki me ngā paura, ka hurihia hei whakarewa. Ko te huarahi anake ki te wehe atu i roto o te extruder ko te rere hoki ki te hiku, ka ārai i te whāngai paura tonu. Ina neke atu te pēhanga me te tere o te rere whakahē i tētahi uara matua, ka whakahokia te mana. Ina iti ake te wāhi whakawhiti-wāhanga o te tīwiri, ka rere whakahē te hau. Ki te teitei ake te pēhanga, ka teitei ake te tere. I tēnei wā, tera pea he pānga kino ki te whāngai, nā te mea ka heke te tere puhake i te pikinga o te tere, arā, ko te teitei ake o te tere, ko te nui ake o te whāngai wai. E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ko te waku te mea nui ki te kawe rauemi. He rite tonu te pai o te kawe ki te tauwehenga waku "hihiri". Ki te teitei ake te tauwehenga waku o te oko tīwiri, ka teitei ake te pai o te kawe. Ka pā anō hoki te huringa o te kaha waku ki tōna pai o te kawe. Hei tāpiri, ka pā anō hoki ngā huinga tīwiri me ngā hanganga rerekē ki tōna tauwehenga waku "hihiri".